Shotgun Buying Guide: Choose the Right Shotgun
Shotguns serve hunting, clay shooting, competition, range use, and other lawful purposes. The right choice depends on action type, gauge, fit, barrel configuration, capacity, and the ammunition the shotgun is designed to use.
1. Choose the Action Type
Pump Action
Pump-action shotguns are mechanically straightforward, widely supported, and available in field and shorter general-purpose configurations. Reliable operation depends on fully cycling the action.
Semi-Automatic
Semi-automatic shotguns can reduce felt recoil and provide faster follow-up shots. Gas-operated and inertia-operated systems have different maintenance, ammunition, and recoil characteristics.
Over/Under
Over/under shotguns are popular for clay sports and upland hunting. They provide two barrels, simple loading, and a balanced sporting feel.
2. Select a Gauge
- 12 gauge: widest ammunition selection and the most common all-around choice.
- 20 gauge: lighter recoil and lighter firearms in many configurations.
- .410 bore: light payload and specialized sporting or field uses; it is not automatically the easiest option for a new shooter.
3. Match Barrel and Configuration to Use
Longer field barrels support smooth swings for hunting and clay shooting. Shorter barrels are more compact. Confirm barrel length, choke system, chamber length, stock dimensions, and capacity before purchasing.
4. Fit Matters
Length of pull, comb height, balance, and overall weight affect comfort and accuracy. The stock should allow a consistent cheek position and natural alignment with the sights or rib.
5. Ammunition and Chokes
Use only the gauge and shell length marked by the manufacturer. Match shot size and load to the lawful activity. Confirm whether the barrel accepts interchangeable chokes and whether a selected load has any choke restrictions.
6. Complete the Setup
Consider a fitted case, cleaning equipment, eye and hearing protection, a sling where appropriate, compatible chokes, and ammunition selected for the intended lawful use.
Recommended Starting Points
Shop the Most Popular Shotguns or browse all shotguns.
FFL notice: Firearms must ship to a valid FFL dealer. Buyers must meet all applicable federal, state, and local requirements. Product availability does not guarantee legality in every jurisdiction.